Changing your name in Cameroon is a process governed by legal provisions to protect dignity, honor, and individual identity. Here is a complete step-by-step guide to help you navigate the name change process effectively.
Understanding the Right to a Name
Your name is a fundamental human right, as recognized by international and regional legal treaties. According to Ordinance No. 81/2 of June 29, 1981, parents have the right to name their children but are prohibited from giving names that are improper or ridiculous.
The law allows individuals to change their names if they find them inconvenient, prejudicial, or harmful to their dignity. For instance:
● A name like “Ekunidi,” which has a vulgar connotation in parts of the Northwest region, may be changed.
● A name like “Ngeh,” meaning “suffering,” can also be altered if the bearer believes it casts a negative spell.
Name changes may also occur in cases of adoption, where the adoptee can take on the name of their adopter to reflect their new family affiliation.
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Procedure for Changing Your Name
Step 1: Submit an Application
Applications for name changes must be addressed to the Minister of Justice, Keeper of the Seals, through a registered letter. The requirements include:
1. A copy of the applicant’s birth certificate or official identity card.
2. A copy of the applicant’s criminal record.
3. Any additional documents requested by the authority.
Step 2: Public Notice of Name Change
Once the Minister of Justice receives the application, the following steps occur:
● A public notice is issued, including the applicant’s current and proposed names.
● A six-month period is granted for any interested party to oppose the name change.
Step 3: Notifications and Publications
● Copies of the public notice are sent to the Procureur General of the applicant’s place of residence.
● The notice is published at the courthouse and council office of the applicant’s domicile, as well as in the Official Gazette of the Republic of Cameroon.
Step 4: Submission of Final Documentation
After the six-month period, the applicant must submit:
● The original Official Gazette publication.
● A certificate of publication from the council office.
● A certificate of no objection issued by the mayor.
If there is no opposition or court objection, the Minister of Justice forwards the application to the Prime Minister with a draft decree for final approval.
Step 5: Approval or Rejection
The Prime Minister reviews the application and either signs the decree for the name change or rejects it. Rejections are communicated to the applicant through the Minister of Justice.
Special Cases of Name Change
Administrative Change of Name
Names may be changed for reasons such as dignity, morality, or integration into a religious community. The law prohibits names considered ridiculous, vexatious, or humiliating. For example:
● Names like “MEBINA” (“testicles” in Beti dialect) or “Hitler” may be changed under Section 8 of Law No. 69/LF/3 of June 14, 1969.
Change of Name Through Adoption
Adoption establishes a voluntary familial relationship that allows the adoptee to take on the name of the adopter.
● Simple Adoption: The adoptee retains their family of origin’s rights but adds the adopter’s name.
● Adoptive Legitimation: The adoptee is completely integrated into the adopter’s family, severing ties with their biological family.
Conditions for Change of Name Through Adoption:
● The adopter’s surname is added to the adoptee’s name.
● A change of first name requires court approval.
Adopting a Spouse’s Child
● The husband’s consent is required if a married woman wishes to add her husband’s name to the adoptee.
● If the husband’s consent is unavailable, the court determines the appropriateness of the request.
This information is intended for general guidance and informational purposes only. It is essential to consult with a qualified legal professional in Cameroon for specific advice and assistance.
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